GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SURFACE SOIL FROM AUTO-WORKSHOPS IN ONITSHA, SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58885/ijees.v7i1.68.iechKeywords:
Surface Soil, Heavy metals, Auto-Workshops, Pollution Load Index, Enrichment Factor, Potential Ecological Risk Index.Abstract
Core (0-60cm) samples were collected from ten (10) randomly designated auto-workshops within Onitsha and control site at Awka, Nigeria. Physiochemical parameters (particle size distribution, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, Organic Matter (%)) and heavy metals (Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Aluminium (Al), Cobalt (Co), Molybdenium (Mo), Cadmium (Cd), Manganese (Mn) and Silicon (Si)) were analyzed by means of standard methods. The outcome of the physiochemical analysis show that the samples were generally sandy with very strongly to slightly acidic pH values (4.89-6.24); OM ranged from 5.693-27.71%; CEC varied between 0.072-0.211(Cmol/kg). Concentrations of these toxic contaminants were above those recorded at the control site. They were equally above national and international guidelines. Enrichment Factor (EF) values varied between no enrichment to extremely severe enrichment. Pollution load index (PLI) proved that all the sampled points within Onitsha were polluted while the ecological risk of heavy metals varied between low contamination to high contamination. The prevailing non-scientific method of handling wastes associated with repair and servicing of automobiles is the direct source of these contaminants. Appropriate and adequate scientific measures must be taken to minimize further deterioration as the contaminants pose serious deadly effects on human and soil organisms.
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